The role of susceptibility genes in the etiology of birth defects is unclear, but may involve in
some cases multiple alleles at multiple loci. We suggest a simple epidemiologic approach to …

Although neural tube defects are a common congenital anomaly, their etiology is not known.
Human studies have emphasized the pathology and epidemiology of the defects and …

Spina bifida, anencephaly, and encephalocele are commonly grouped together and termed
neural tube defects (NTD). Failure of closure of the neural tube during development results …

Several mouse mutations disturb the embryonic process of neurulation, yielding neural tube
defects. Analysis of the mutations offers the most feasible approach to understanding the …

During embryonic development, the central nervous system forms as the neural plate and
then rolls into a tube in a complex morphogenetic process known as neurulation. Neural …

Abstract Background Neural tube defects (NTDs) are common congenital malformations
resulting in failure of the neural tube closure during early embryonic development. Although …

Folate supplementation reduces the occurrence of neural tube defects (NTDs), birth defects
consisting in the failure of the neural tube to form and close. The mechanisms underlying …

Abstract From January 1990 until December 1996, 212 cases of neural tube defect (NTD)
were seen through the Prenatal Diagnosis Program of the University of Toronto. Of the 212 …

Neural tube closure (neurulation) is a complex process involving many cell phenomena.
Both extrinsic and intrinsic forces are essential to elevate the neural plate into the neural …

The developing mammalian nervous system is subject to devastating congenital
malformations with clinical significance that extends into the billions of health care dollars …