Background: While recovery from remifentanil is fast due to its rapid metabolism, it can
induce hyperalgesia by activation of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors. Therefore …

In comparison to conventional operating technique endoscopic surgery reveals numerous
advantages, particular rapid mobilisation and earlier discharge from observation. For a …

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of iv ketorolac
and fentanyl for moderate to severe postoperative pain in patients undergoing elective …

Background: To examine the combined preemptive effects of low-dose ketamine, diclofenac,
and their combination on postoperative pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic …

In a single-blind randomized prospective study, postoperative pain was assessed in 60
patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy with three types of anesthesia …

The characteristics of early pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy are complex and should
be treated in a multimodal fashion. A critical procedure-specific analysis of the evidence …

This study tested the hypothesis that, by the addition of parenteral ketorolac to an oral
analgesic regimen for one day following laparoscopic surgery, analgesia would be …

Background Ibuprofen is a NSAID that has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic
effects. The oral form of the drug has been used safely for a long time and is one of the most …

Background Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) causes moderate pain. Various operative
analgesic techniques and pharmacologic treatments can reduce postoperative pain. This …

Under treatment of postoperative pain has been the topic of several recent editorials1. The
prevention, recognition, and management of postoperative pain in adults, as well as in …