Toxic effects of Irgarol 1051 on phytoplankton and macrophytes in Lake Geneva

B Nyström, K Becker-Van Slooten, A Bérard… - Water Research, 2002 - Elsevier
Irgarol 1051 is a recent herbicidal compound, inhibitor of photosynthesis, used in antifouling
paints. This toxic is persistent in aquatic environments, with low abiotic and biotic …

Short-term response and recovery of Zostera capricorni photosynthesis after herbicide exposure

CMO Macinnis-Ng, PJ Ralph - Aquatic Botany, 2003 - Elsevier
We used photosynthetic activity (measured as chlorophyll a fluorescence) and
photosynthetic pigment concentrations to assess the effect of pulsed exposure to …

Toxicities of antifouling biocide Irgarol 1051 and its major degraded product to marine primary producers

AQ Zhang, KMY Leung, KWH Kwok, VWW Bao… - Marine Pollution …, 2008 - Elsevier
Irgarol 1051 (2-methythiol-4-tert-butylamino-6-cyclopropylamino-s-triazine) is an algaecide
commonly used in antifouling paints. It undergoes photodegradation which yields M1 (2 …

The impact of the herbicide atrazine on growth and photosynthesis of seagrass, Zostera marina (L.), seedlings

Y Gao, J Fang, J Zhang, L Ren, Y Mao, B Li… - Marine pollution …, 2011 - Elsevier
The impact of the widely used herbicide atrazine on seedling growth and photosynthesis of
eelgrass was determined. The long-term impact of the herbicide atrazine (1, 10 and …

The effect of resuspending sediment contaminated with antifouling paint particles containing Irgarol 1051 on the marine macrophyte Ulva intestinalis

LE Tolhurst, J Barry, RA Dyer, KV Thomas - Chemosphere, 2007 - Elsevier
The effect of resuspending sediment contaminated with Irgarol 1051 based antifouling paint
particles on the green macroalga Ulva intestinalis was examined. U. intestinalis was also …

Acute and additive toxicity of ten photosystem-II herbicides to seagrass

AD Wilkinson, CJ Collier, F Flores, AP Negri - Scientific reports, 2015 - nature.com
Photosystem II herbicides are transported to inshore marine waters, including those of the
Great Barrier Reef and are usually detected in complex mixtures. These herbicides inhibit …

Fate and ecotoxicity of the new antifouling compound Irgarol 1051 in the aquatic environment

H Okamura, I Aoyama, D Liu, RJ Maguire… - Water Research, 2000 - Elsevier
Residue analyses and ecotoxicity assessment were conducted on the new antifouling
compound Irgarol 1051 (2-methylthio-4-tert-butylamino-6-cyclopropylamino-s-triazine) and …

Risk assessment of triazine herbicides in surface waters and bioaccumulation of Irgarol and M1 by submerged aquatic vegetation in Southeast Florida

MV Fernandez, PR Gardinali - Science of the Total Environment, 2016 - Elsevier
Irgarol is a common antifoulant present in coastal environments experiencing high boating
activities. Irgarol, its degradation product M1, and the similarly structured herbicide Atrazine …

Antifouling paint booster biocides in the UK coastal environment and potential risks of biological effects

KV Thomas, TW Fileman, JW Readman… - Marine Pollution …, 2001 - Elsevier
In the yachting sector of the UK antifouling market, organic biocides are commonly added to
antifouling preparations to boost performance. Few data presently exist for concentrations of …

Phytotoxicity of four photosystem II herbicides to tropical seagrasses

F Flores, CJ Collier, P Mercurio, AP Negri - PloS one, 2013 - journals.plos.org
Coastal waters of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) are contaminated with agricultural
pesticides, including the photosystem II (PSII) herbicides which are the most frequently …