Objective: We report the results of the investigation of safety and efficacy of venous
angioplasty in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) with findings of extracranial venous …

Background: The “chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency” or “CCSVI” hypothesis,
namely that multiple sclerosis (MS) is caused by abnormalities in the azygous and internal …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system
(CNS) that results in damage to myelin and, to a lesser extent, axons in the brain, spinal …

Objective Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) is a recently discovered
syndrome mainly due to stenoses of internal jugular (IJV) and/or azygos (AZ) veins. The …

Purpose: To determine whether a correlation exists between chronic cerebrospinal venous
insufficiency (CCSVI) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Materials and Methods: A meta-analysis …

A chronic state of impaired venous drainage from the central nervous system, termed
chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI), is claimed to be a pathologic …

Purpose To evaluate the safety of endovascular treatment of chronic cerebrovascular
insufficiency (CCSVI) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods In a 1-year period …

Background: Balloon venoplasty of extracranial jugular and azygos venous narrowing
(chronic cerebral spinal venous insufficiency, CCSVI) was not superior to sham treatment on …

The invited commentary of Dr. Reekers 1 discussing our original article on venous
angioplasty in chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency in multiple sclerosis patients …

Objectives Numerous studies have indicated that chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency
is a potential factor in causing multiple sclerosis in recent years, but this conclusion remains …