Inflammation, a common feature of many diseases, is an essential immune response that
enables survival and maintains tissue homeostasis. However, in some conditions, the …

Inflammation-associated diseases encompass a range of infectious diseases and non-
infectious inflammatory diseases, which continuously pose one of the most serious threats to …

An increased understanding in the pathophysiology of chronic inflammatory diseases, such
as rheumatoid arthritis, reveals that the diseased tissue and the increased presence of …

Introduction Macrophages are involved in the normal defense of the body; however, the
varying phenotypes of macrophages and imbalance in their ratio lead to the impairment of …

The important role of monocytes and macrophages in diseases like cancer and
atherosclerosis has started to get uncovered in the last decade. In addition, subsets of these …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential in regulating various physiological functions.
However, overproduction of ROS is implicated in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory …

The body's normal immune response against any invading pathogen that causes infection in
the body results in inflammation. The sudden transformation in inflammation leads to the rise …

Neutrophils and macrophages are major components of innate systems, playing central
roles in inflammation responses to infections and tissue injury. If they are out of control …

Inflammatory diseases, whether caused by excessive stress on certain tissues/parts of the
body or arising from infections accompanying autoimmune or secondary diseases, have …

With the development of nanotechnology, significant progress has been made in the design,
and manufacture of nanoparticles (NPs) for use in clinical treatments. Recent increases in …