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The discovery of deep-sea hydrothermal vents in 1977 revolutionized our understanding of
the energy sources that fuel primary productivity on Earth. Hydrothermal vent ecosystems …

The understanding of marine microbial ecology and metabolism has been hampered by the
paucity of sequenced reference genomes. To this end, we report the sequencing of 137 …

The ocean's biological pump strips nutrients out of the surface waters and exports them into
the thermocline and deep waters. If there were no return path of nutrients from deep waters …

Marine diatoms rose to prominence about 100 million years ago and today generate most of
the organic matter that serves as food for life in the sea. They exist in a dilute world where …

Unicellular algae, termed phytoplankton, greatly impact the marine environment by serving
as the basis of marine food webs and by playing central roles in the biogeochemical cycling …

The assimilation and mineralization of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) by marine
bacterioplankton is a major process in the ocean carbon cycle. However, little information …

The lithified lower oceanic crust is one of Earth's last biological frontiers as it is difficult to
access. It is challenging for microbiota that live in marine subsurface sediments or igneous …

Since the recognition of prokaryotes as essential components of the oceanic food web,
bacterioplankton have been acknowledged as catalysts of most major biogeochemical …

The growth cycle in nutrient-rich, aquatic environments starts with a diatom bloom that ends
in mass sinking of ungrazed cells and phytodetritus. The low grazing pressure on these …