Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS, eg nitric oxide, NO) are
well recognised for playing a dual role as both deleterious and beneficial species. ROS and …

Redox medicine is a new therapeutic concept targeting reactive oxygen species (ROS) and
secondary reaction products for health benefit. The concomitant function of ROS as …

The intracellular redox state in the cell depends on the balance between the level of reactive
oxygen species (ROS) and the activity of defensive systems including antioxidant enzymes …

The complex system of molecular communications underlying cell biochemistry and function
includes numerous components, kinases, phosphatases and transcription factors, that have …

The notion that electrophiles serve as messengers in cell signaling is now widely accepted.
Nonetheless, major issues restrain acceptance of redox homeostasis and redox signaling as …

Fibrosis is one of the most prevalent features of age-related diseases like obesity, diabetes,
non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, chronic kidney disease, or cardiomyopathy and affects …

Moderate concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced by diverse sources
under physiological conditions. At such low levels, these molecules may act as upstream …

Abstract “Oxidative stress” as a concept in redox biology and medicine has been formulated
in 1985; at the beginning of 2015, approx. 138,000 PubMed entries show for this term. This …

Kupffer cells, resident macrophages in the liver, play a central role in the homeostatic
response to liver injury. Ironically, this defensive mechanism, if dysregulated, also works …

When the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is overloaded surpassing the
capacity of the reductive rheostat, mammalian cells undergo a series of oxidative damage …