The plant apoplast is integral to intercellular signalling, transport and plant–pathogen
interactions. Plant pathogens deliver effectors both into the apoplast and inside host cells …

Many fungi and oomycete species are devasting plant pathogens. These eukaryotic
filamentous pathogens secrete effector proteins to facilitate plant infection. Fungi and …

The extracellular space between cell wall and plasma membrane acts as the first battle field
between plants and pathogens. Bacteria, fungi, and oomycetes that colonize the living plant …

Plant pathogens have evolved by developing different strategies to infect their host, which in
turn have elaborated immune responses to counter the pathogen invasion. The apoplast …

Eukaryotic filamentous plant pathogens secrete effector proteins that modulate the host cell
to facilitate infection. Computational effector candidate identification and subsequent …

Plants associate with diverse microbes that exert beneficial, neutral, or pathogenic effects
inside the host. During the initial stages of invasion, the plant apoplast constitutes a …

The apoplastic space between the plant cell wall and the plasma membrane constitutes a
major battleground for plant-pathogen interactions. To survive in harsh conditions in the …

The interaction of fungal pathogens with their host requires a novel invading mechanism
and the presence of various virulence-associated components responsible for promoting the …

Upon host penetration, fungal pathogens secrete a plethora of effectors to promote disease,
including proteases that degrade plant antimicrobial proteins, and protease inhibitors (PIs) …

Fungi occupy diverse environmental niches and many have evolved to live a pathogenic
lifestyle, causing devastating diseases in plants and animals. The interface between host …