Activation of microglial cells, the resident immune cells of the CNS causes neurotoxicity
through the release of a wide array of inflammatory mediators including proinflammatory …

A disaccharide degradation product of chondrotin sulfate proteoglycan-disaccharide (CSPG-
DS) has been implicated previously in the inhibition of neurodegeneration by influencing …

Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a glucosaminoglycan (GAG) currently used for the treatment of
osteoarthritis because of its antiinflammatory and antiapoptotic actions. Recent evidence …

Neuron glial 2 (NG2) cells become strongly activated in injured brain areas. The activation is
characterized by increased proliferation as well as increased expression and shedding of …

NG2 is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein known as chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4
(CSPG4). In the healthy central nervous system, NG2 is exclusively expressed by …

The molecular identities of signals that regulate the CNS lesion remodeling remain unclear.
Herein, we report for the first time that extracellular matrix chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan …

Background Microglia are resident macrophage-like cells in the central nervous system
(CNS) and cause innate immune responses via the LPS receptors, Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 …

Background Inflammation plays a central role in many neurodegenerative diseases,
including Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and …

Background Induction of pro-inflammatory factors is one of the characteristics of microglia
activation and can be regulated by numerous active components of Chinese traditional …

Microglia, the parenchymal immune cells of the central nervous system, orchestrate
neuroinflammation in response to infection or damage, and promote tissue repair. However …