Surveying microglia, the resident macrophage‐like cells in the central nervous system,
continuously screen their surroundings to sense imbalance in tissue homeostasis. Their …

Glucosamine suppresses lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced upregulation of pro-
inflammatory mediators both in vivo and in culture systems of mouse microglia or …

Microglia, the primary inflammatory cells in the brain, are activated upon brain injury.
Activated microglia produce nitric oxide (NO), a major toxin to neuronal cells. It has been …

Microglia are resident immune cells in the central nervous system. They play a role in
normal brain development and neuronal recovery. However, overactivation of microglia …

Background Neuroinflammation is one of the hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases,
such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Activation of glial cells, including microglia and …

The major neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by increasing of activated-
microglial cells and inflammatory cytokines in the central nervous system. Carrageenan …

Chitooligosaccharides (COS), depolymerized products of chitosan, has received
considerable attention as bioactive material due to their biocompatible, biodegradable, non …

Microglia are important resident immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) and
involved in the neuroinflammation caused by CNS disorders, including brain trauma …

Neuroinflammation has been shown to contribute to neurodegenerative and psychiatric
disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and major depression due to the inappropriate …

Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is known to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of
different neurological diseases. Gastrodin, a phenolic glucoside, has been reported to exert …