Because morphine has been shown to alter the function of human T lymphocytes and
monocytes, we postulated that morphine would promote the growth of HIV-1 in these cells …

Because of the widely documented association of AIDS with opiate abuse, there is
considerable interest in knowing whether opiates alter progression of HIV-1 infections to …

Opioid abuse alters the functions of immune cells in both in vitro and in vivo systems,
including macrophages. Here, we investigated the effects of methadone, a widely used …

Opiate-abusing individuals are in the top three risk-factor groups for HIV infection. In fact,
almost 30% of HIV-infected individuals in the USA are reported to abuse opiates …

Background Opioid use is prevalent among people living with human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV; PLWH) and adversely affects HIV outcomes. We assessed the effect of …

A substantial proportion of HIV-1-infected individuals are intravenous drug users (IVDUs)
who abuse opiates. Opioids induce a number of immunomodulatory effects that may directly …

Background Women living with HIV who use illicit drugs may be particularly vulnerable to
HIV-1 RNA viral load (VL) rebound. Methods We used longitudinal data from 2006 to 2017 …

Drugs of abuse, such as opiates, have been widely associated with enhancing HIV
replication, accelerating disease progression and diminishing host-immune responses …

HIV associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are a group of neurological deficits that
affect approximately half of people living with HIV (PLWH) despite effective antiretroviral …

Abstract Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) pathogenesis has been closely linked with
microbial translocation, which is believed to drive inflammation and HIV replication. Opioid …