Ischaemic strokes have traditionally been classified according to the TOAST criteria, in
which strokes with unclear aetiology are classified as cryptogenic strokes. However, the …

The term embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) was introduced in 2014 to describe
patients with a nonlacunar ischemic stroke and no convincing etiology. The terms ESUS and …

Importance The concept of embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) unifies a
subgroup of cryptogenic strokes based on neuroimaging, a defined minimum set of …

Importance One-third of ischemic strokes have no identifiable cause after standard
evaluation. In 2014, researchers termed theseembolic strokes of undetermined source …

Background and Purpose—Emboli in embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) may
originate from various potential embolic sources (PES), some of which may respond better to …

Background and Purpose—Embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) designates
patients with nonlacunar cryptogenic ischemic strokes in whom embolism is the likely stroke …

Background Rivaroxaban and dabigatran were not superior to aspirin in trials of patients
with embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS). It is unknown whether apixaban is …

Background Embolic strokes of undetermined source comprise up to 20% of ischemic
strokes. The stroke recurrence rate is substantial with aspirin, widely used for secondary …

Background and Purpose—The risk of stroke recurrence in patients with Embolic Stroke of
Undetermined Source (ESUS) is high, and the optimal antithrombotic strategy for secondary …

Background and Purpose—A new clinical construct termed embolic stroke of undetermined
source (ESUS) was recently introduced, but no such population has been described yet. Our …