Air pollution has been considered a hazard to human health. In the past decades, many
studies highlighted the role of ambient airborne particulate matter (PM) as an important …

Air pollution is now fully acknowledged to be a public health problem and a social issue.
Particulate matter (PM) concentration has been linked with several clinical manifestations of …

Particulate matter (PM) is a key indicator of air pollution and a significant risk factor for
adverse health outcomes in humans. PM is not a self-contained pollutant but a mixture of …

Researchers have been studying the respiratory health effects of ambient air pollution for
more than 70 years. While air pollution as a whole can include gaseous, solid, and liquid …

Nine out of 10 people breathe air that does not meet World Health Organization pollution
limits. Air pollutants include gasses and particulate matter and collectively are responsible …

Particulate matter (PM) is a key indicator of air pollution brought into the air by a variety of
natural and human activities. As it can be suspended over long time and travel over long …

BACKGROUND Particulate matter (PM) in ambient air is a complex mixture containing
particles of different sizes and chemical composition. Short-term increases in ambient PM …

Results from epidemiology studies have shown statistical associations between ambient air
particulate matter (PM) concentrations and mortality/morbidity, particularly among …

The mass concentration of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) has been systematically
used in epidemiological studies as an indicator of exposure to air pollutants, connecting PM …

Results of recent research show that particulate matter (PM) composition and size vary
widely with both space and time. Despite the variability in PM characteristics, which are …