Abstract Background On 31st December 2019 in Wuhan, China, severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), was acknowledged. This virus spread quickly …

The high transmission rate and serious consequences of the unprecedented COVID-19
pandemic make it challenging and urgent to identify viral pathogens and understand their …

Background: COVID-19 pandemic is a global problem that requires the point of view of basic
sciences and medicine as well as social, economics and politics disciplines. Viral particles …

Respiratory diseases are leading causes of death and disability in developing and
developed countries. The burden of acute and chronic respiratory diseases has been rising …

Abstract SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) spreads and develops quickly worldwide as a new global
crisis which has left deep socio-economic damage and massive human mortality. This virus …

Globally, viral illness propagation is the leading cause of morbidity and death, causing
wreaking havoc on socioeconomic development and health care systems. The rise of …

As a non-invasive method of local and systemic drug delivery, the administration of active
pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) via the pulmonary route represents an ideal approach for …

The COVID‐19 infections have posed an unprecedented global health emergency, with
nearly three million deaths to date, and have caused substantial economic loss globally …

Although extensive research is being done to combat SARS-CoV-2, we are yet far away
from a robust conclusion or strategy. With an increased amount of vaccine research …

Zoonotic viruses originate from birds or animal sources and responsible for disease
transmission from animals to people through zoonotic spill over and presents a significant …