Autoimmunity is a pathological chronic inflammatory state that arises when the immune
system mistakenly targets healthy cells and tissues in the human body. Clinically, there are …

Increased activation and proliferation of T lymphocytes plays an essential role in the
development of chronic inflammation and autoimmune diseases. Currently used …

Inflammation response is activated as the first line of defense against the invasion of foreign
pathogens and harmful stimuli, which in turn helps the body repair damaged tissue and …

Most of the immunosuppressive drugs used in the clinic to prevent organ rejection or to treat
autoimmune disorders were originally isolated from fungi or bacteria. Therefore, in addition …

Imbalance or malfunction of the immune systems is associated with a range of chronic
diseases including autoimmune diseases, allergies, cancers and others. Various innate and …

Immunomodulation refers to the mechanism by which the response of the immune system is
modified by the regulation of antibody synthesis, leading to either an increase or a decrease …

The phagocyte–microbe interactions in the immune system is a defense mechanism but
when excessively or inappropriately deployed can harm host tissues and participate in the …

The incidence of autoimmune diseases worldwide is on the rise, with extensive impact on
lifestyle of individuals and spiralling healthcare costs. Phytotherapies are increasingly being …

Inflammation is an integral part of autoimmune diseases, which are caused by dysregulation
of the immune system. This dysregulation involves an imbalance between pro-inflammatory …

The immune system is a complex and fundamental network for organism protection. A
minimal unbalance in the host defense system homeostasis can originate severe …