Congenital anomalies are the main causes of preterm and neonatal mortality and morbidity.
We investigated the association between congenital anomalies and mothers' exposure to air …

Background Congenital malformations are considered as one of the significant causes of
preterm as well as neonatal morbidity and mortality. Literature suggests the association of …

Associations between ambient air pollution levels during weeks 3–7 of pregnancy and risks
of cardiovascular malformations were investigated among the cohort of pregnancies …

Objectives To investigate whether there is an association between risk of congenital
anomaly and annual ward level exposure to air pollution in England during the 1990s …

Studies have suggested an association between maternal exposure to ambient air pollution
and risk of congenital anomaly. The aim of this study is to investigate the association …

BACKGROUND Few studies have examined the potential relationship between air pollution
and birth defects. The objective of this study was to investigate whether maternal exposure …

Background There are a growing number of reports on the association between air pollution
and the risk of congenital anomalies. However, the results are inconsistent and most studies …

Congenital anomalies, a leading cause of fetal loss, contribute significantly to preterm birth
and childhood and adult morbidity. Serious structural defects are present in 3% e8% of …

We performed an exploratory analysis of ozone (O 3) and fine particulate matter (PM 2.5)
concentrations during early pregnancy and multiple types of birth defects. Data on births …

Background Over the last decade, there is growing evidence that exposure to air pollution
may be associated with increased risk for congenital malformations. Objectives To evaluate …