The microbiome includes both 'mutualist'and 'pathogen'microbes, regulated by the same
innate immune architecture. A major question has therefore been: how do hosts prevent …

Drosophila melanogaster lives, breeds and feeds on fermenting fruit, an environment that
supports a high density, and often a diversity, of microorganisms. This association with such …

In response to microbial infections, Drosophila mounts a multifaceted immune response
involving humoral reactions that culminate in the destruction of invading organisms by lytic …

Our understanding of Drosophila innate immunity has seen major advances in the last five
years, catalyzed by two transformative technologies—genome editing and genome-wide …

The evolution of host immunity occurs in the context of the microbiome, but little theory exists
to predict how resistance against pathogens might be influenced by the need to tolerate and …

Host-associated microbiomes influence their host's fitness in myriad ways and can be
viewed as a source of phenotypic plasticity. This plasticity may allow the host to …

The last 20 years have seen a gradual change in emphasis in infectious disease
management, driven by two contrasting trends. On the one hand, global initiatives within the …

Drosophila has recently emerged as an important model for the study of innate immunity.
Two signalling pathways triggered by different classes of microorganisms control its …

Host–pathogen interactions can be influenced by the host microbiota, as the microbiota can
facilitate or prevent pathogen infections. In addition, members of the microbiota can become …

The evolutionary dynamics of immune defenses have long attracted interest because of the
special role the immune system plays in mediating the antagonistic interaction between …