Though promazine and chlorpromazine elicited cutaneous anesthesia, no study of spinal
anesthesia with chlorpromazine and promazine has been reported. This study was to …

Proxymetacaine and oxybuprocaine were clinically used for topical ocular anesthesia but
never for spinal anesthesia, and therefore spinal anesthetic effects of proxymetacaine and …

This study aimed to assess the local anesthetic effects of chlorpheniramine in spinal
anesthesia and is compared with mepivacaine, a widely-used local anesthetic. Spinal …

The aim of this study evaluated the spinal anesthetic effect of verapamil and diltiazem. After
rats were injected intrathecally with verapamil and diltiazem, dose–response curves were …

Although the coadministration of lidocaine with propranolol interferes with the metabolic
profile (pharmacokinetics), its pharmacodynamics is still unclear. In this report, we …

The aim of this study was to evaluate the local anesthetic effects of pheniramine and
diphenhydramine, two histamine H1 receptor antagonists, on spinal anesthesia and their …

Analgesia with local anesthetics has been proved to be effective in neuraxial block.
However neural complications and toxicity associated with local anesthetics lead to the use …

We aimed to compare the hypothesized local anesthetic action of amantadine (1‐
adamantanamine) with that of the known local anesthetic mepivacaine. Motor …

Background: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are commonly used orally for treating chronic
pain states, such as neuropathic pain. TCAs produce analgesia by various mechanisms …

Background and Objectives: Lidocaine has been reported to be more neurotoxic than other
local anesthetics. Alternatives to lidocaine with lower toxicity and shorter duration of action …