Abstract Introduction Several virulent Clostridium difficile clones, designated as polymerase
chain reaction (PCR) ribotypes 017, 027, or 078, are well recognized in western countries …

Clostridium difficile hyper-virulent ribotype 027 strain has become a significant concern
globally, but has rarely been reported in Asian countries including China. Recently, a …

Ribotypes and toxin genotypes of clinical C. difficile isolates in Taiwan are rarely reported. A
prospective surveillance study from January 2011 to January 2013 was conducted at the …

Clostridium difficile is a well-known nosocomial infectious pathogen. Research on C. difficile
infection has primarily focused on strains such as the hypervirulent PCR ribotype 027 …

Abstract Introduction Clostridium difficile ribotype 027 (Cd027) has caused outbreaks in the
United States, Canada, and Europe since 2001. In Spain, the importance of Cd027 is still …

Background: Clostridium difficileinfection (CDI) has markedly risen and is associated with
hypervirulent ribotype 027 outbreaks in North America and Europe since 2003. The aims of …

Clostridium difficile is the major cause of nosocomial diarrhea. We have previously
demonstrated that in southern Taiwan, severe C. difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) cases …

Background Clostridium difficile is a Gram-positive anaerobe and the leading cause of
antibiotic-associated diarrhea worldwide. The emergence of ribotype 027 (RT027) strains is …

Background The rapid spread of C. difficile 027 has become one of the leading threats of
healthcare-associated infections wordwild. However, C. difficile 027 infections have rarely …

Objectives To investigate an unusual outbreak of five patients with a total of eight episodes
of a Clostridium difficile infection on a gastrointestinal surgical ward of a Dutch tertiary-care …