Germinal centers (GC) are microanatomical lymphoid structures where affinity-matured
memory B cells and long-lived bone marrow plasma cells are primarily generated. It is …

The poor efficacy of seasonal influenza virus vaccines is often attributed to pre-existing
immunity interfering with the persistence and maturation of vaccine-induced B cell …

Following infection or immunization, memory B cells (MBCs) and long-lived plasma cells
provide humoral immunity that can last for decades. Most principles of MBC biology have …

Germinal centers (GCs) are inducible lymphoid microenvironments that support the
generation of memory B cells, affinity maturation, and isotype switching. Previously …

Germinal centers (GCs) form in lymph nodes after immunization or infection to facilitate
antibody affinity maturation and memory and plasma cell (PC) development. PC …

Rapidly induced, specific Ab generated in extrafollicular foci are important components of
early immune protection to influenza virus. The signal (s) that prompt B cells to participate in …

Influenza viruses remain a major public health threat. Seasonal influenza vaccination in
humans primarily stimulates pre-existing memory B cells, which differentiate into a transient …

Protective antibody responses to vaccination or infection depend on affinity maturation, a
process by which high-affinity germinal center (GC) B cells are selected on the basis of their …

We have investigated the functional requirements for the B cell" mitogenicity" of the influenza
virus hemagglutinin (HA). Murine B cell proliferative responses were inducible by either …

Germinal centers (GCs) are crucially involved in T cell-dependent B cell responses. B cells
rapidly proliferate within GCs and their Ig variable region genes undergo hypermutation …