Background Contamination from fecal bacteria in recreational waters is a major health
concern since bacteria capable of causing human disease can be found in animal feces …

Shiga toxin-converting bacteriophages are the main vehicle involved in horizontal
transmission of stx 1 and stx 2 genes, which has led to the current spread of stx genes …

Shiga toxin (Stx) genes produce proteins that are pathogenic to humans, leading to severe
gastrointestinal illness. This work focuses on examining the abundance and distribution of …

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains are human pathogens linked to hemorrhagic
colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome. The major virulence factors of these strains are …

Shiga toxin-converting bacteriophages (Stx phages) carry the stx gene and convert
nonpathogenic bacterial strains into Shiga toxin-producing bacteria. Previous studies have …

We have isolated Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains from the feces
of feral pigeons which contained a new Stx2 variant gene designated stx2f. This gene is …

Stx bacteriophages in 68 samples of beef and salad were quantified by real-time
quantitative PCR (qPCR). Stx phages from the samples were propagated in Escherichia coli …

Shiga toxin-converting bacteriophages (Stx phages) are involved in the pathogenicity of
some enteric bacteria, such as Escherichia coli O157: H7. Stx phages are released from …

Phages carrying the stx2 gene were detected in a range of sewage samples using a plaque
hybridization‐based method. After detection, phages were isolated and propagated with a …

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains are food-borne pathogens whose
ability to produce Shiga toxin (Stx) is due to integration of Stx-encoding lambdoid …