Despite the critical need, no previous research has substantiated safe opioid analgesics
without abuse liability in primates. Recent advances in medicinal chemistry have led to the …

Misuse of prescription opioids, opioid addiction, and overdose underscore the urgent need
for developing addiction-free effective medications for treating severe pain. Mu opioid …

Although mu opioid (MOP) receptor agonists are the most commonly used analgesics for the
treatment of moderate to severe pain in the clinic, the side effects of MOP agonists such as …

Certain behavioral features of buprenorphine, including a bell-shaped curve for
antinociception and attenuation of alcohol consumption, are thought to be mediated by …

Background The marked increase in mis-use of prescription opioids has greatly affected our
society. One potential solution is to develop improved analgesics which have agonist action …

Buprenorphine is known as a μ-opioid peptide (MOP) receptor agonist, but its
antinociception is compromised by the activation of nociceptin/orphanin FQ peptide (NOP) …

Buprenorphine is a successful analgesic and treatment for opioid abuse, with both activities
relying on its partial agonist activity at mu opioid receptors. However, there is substantial …

Background and Purpose Buprenorphine is a potent analgesic with high affinity at μ, δ and κ
and moderate affinity at nociceptin opioid (NOP) receptors. Nevertheless, NOP receptor …

Following the identification of the nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) peptide (NOP) as an
endogenous ligand for the NOP receptor, ample evidence has revealed unique functional …

Preclinical opioid research using animal models not only provides mechanistic insights into
the modulation of opioid analgesia and its associated side effects, but also validates drug …