Background The food environment has been hypothesized to influence cardiovascular
diseases such as hypertension and coronary heart disease. This study determines the …

Aims To systematically review the current evidence on the association between the
neighbourhood food environment and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adults. Methods and …

Unhealthy food environments may contribute to an elevated Body Mass Index (BMI), which
is a chronic disease risk factor. We examined the association between residential fast-food …

Most studies that link neighbourhoods to disease outcomes have represented
neighbourhoods as area-level socioeconomic status. Where objective contextual attributes …

Background Findings in the observational retail food environment and obesity literature are
inconsistent, potentially due to a lack of adjustment for residual confounding. Methods Using …

Background Diabetes is a major health concern and is influenced by lifestyle, which can be
affected by the neighbourhood environment. Specifically, a fast-food environment can …

BACKGROUND: Food environments have been linked to cardiovascular diseases; however,
few studies have assessed the relationship between food environments and the risk of heart …

Background The relationship between food environment exposures and diet behaviours is
unclear, possibly because the majority of studies ignore potential residual confounding …

There has been increasing interest in associations between neighborhood food
environments and cardiovascular risk factors. However, results from high-income countries …

Background Living in a socially deprived neighborhood is associated with lifestyle risk
factors, eg, smoking, physical inactivity and unhealthy diet, as well as an increased risk of …