It is notorious that cancer cells alter their metabolism to adjust to harsh environments of
hypoxia and nutritional starvation. Metabolic reprogramming most often occurs in the tumor …

Cancer cells are well-known for adapting their metabolism to maintain high proliferation
rates and survive in unfavorable environments with low oxygen and nutritional deficiency …

Metabolism is considered to be the core of all cellular activity. Thus, extensive studies of
metabolic processes are ongoing in various fields of biology, including cancer research …

Immune escape is one of the hallmarks of cancer. While metabolic reprogramming provides
survival advantage to tumor cancer cells, accumulating data also suggest such metabolic …

Immune cells play a key role in host defense against infection and cancer. Upon
encountering danger signals, these cells undergo activation leading to a modulation in their …

The tumor microenvironment (TME) has become a major research focus in recent years. The
TME differs from the normal extracellular environment in parameters such as nutrient supply …

The overlapping metabolic reprogramming of cancer and immune cells is a putative
determinant of the antitumor immune response in cancer. Increased evidence suggests that …

Cellular metabolism of both cancer and immune cells in the acidic, hypoxic, and nutrient-
depleted tumor microenvironment (TME) has attracted increasing attention in recent years …

The successful treatment of human cancers by immunotherapy has been made possible by
breakthroughs in the discovery of immune checkpoint regulators, including CTLA-4 and PD …

The occurrence and development of tumors require the metabolic reprogramming of cancer
cells, namely the alteration of flux in an autonomous manner via various metabolic pathways …