Continued development of multivalent nanomaterials has provided opportunities for the
advancement of antigen-specific immunotherapies. New insights emerge when considering …

Vaccination has indubitably made noteworthy contribution to global health. Recent years
have witnessed the employment of subunit antigens rather than inactivated or live …

Impairment of immune tolerance might cause autologous tissue damage or overactive
immune response against non-pathogenic molecules. Although autoimmune disease and …

The development of vaccines plays a vital role in the effective control of several fatal
diseases. However, effective prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines have yet to be …

There is an urgent need for new strategies to combat infectious diseases in developing
countries. Many pathogens have evolved to elude immunity and this has limited the utility of …

Polymer-based nanoparticles of tailored size, morphology, and surface properties have
attracted increasing attention as carriers for drugs, biomolecules, and genes. By protecting …

Engineered nanomaterials hold promise for a wide range of applications in medicine.
However, safe use of nanomaterials requires that interactions with biological systems, not …

Cancer immunotherapy involves a cutting-edge method that utilizes the immune system to
detect and eliminate cancer cells. It has shown substantial effectiveness in treating different …

Vaccination using nanocarrier-based delivery systems has recently emerged as a promising
approach for meeting the continued challenge posed by infectious diseases and cancer. A …

New advances in biomaterial-based approaches to modulate the immune system are being
applied to treat cancer, infectious diseases, and autoimmunity. Particulate systems are …