The RAS→ RAF→ MEK→ MAP kinase/ERK signaling pathway (MAP kinase pathway) is a
conserved protein kinase cascade that regulates cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation …

Context: BRAFV600E is considered a negative prognostic marker in papillary thyroid
carcinoma (PTC), but unexplained conflicting results are present in the literature. In light of …

Activating BRAF mutations have been reported in 40% of papillary thyroid carcinomas
(PTCs). The involvement of BRAF pseudogene in thyroid tumorigenesis has not previously …

Mutations of BRAF are found in∼ 45% of papillary thyroid cancers and are enriched in
tumors with more aggressive properties. We developed mice with a thyroid-specific knock-in …

BACKGROUND: The incidence of thyroid cancer has doubled over the past decade. The
reason for this dramatic increase in incidence is controversial. Some investigators have …

BRAF mutation is the most common genetic alternation in thyroid cancer, particularly in
papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Excessive activation of BRAF/MAPK signaling pathway due …

Context: Approximately 40% of papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) harbor the BRAF V600E
mutation, which is significantly associated with the advanced clinicopathological features of …

BACKGROUND. Numerous studies have investigated the clinical significance of BRAF
mutation in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, there have been conflicting data on …

The BRAF V600E mutation, resulting from the BRAFT1799A transversion, is the most
common genetic mutation in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), with a mean frequency close …

Abstract The RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK-MAP kinase pathway mediates the cellular response to
extracellular signals that regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Mutation of …