Background Bronchial smooth muscle cells (BSMCs) from severe asthmatics have been
shown to overexpress the Th2-driving and asthma-associated cytokine IL-33. However, little …

Background Asthma exacerbations are commonly associated with rhinovirus (RV) infection.
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) plays an important role during exacerbation by enhancing Type 2 …

Background Bronchial asthma (BA) is a chronic disease of the airways. The great majority of
BA exacerbations are associated with respiratory viral infections. Recent findings point out a …

Rationale: Rhinoviruses are the major cause of asthma exacerbations; however, its
underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We hypothesized that the epithelial cell …

Background Rhinovirus infection triggers acute asthma exacerbations. IL-33 is an instructive
cytokine of type 2 inflammation whose expression is associated with viral load during …

Background Influenza virus triggers severe asthma exacerbations for which no adequate
treatment is available. It is known that IL-33 levels correlate with exacerbation severity, but …

IL-33 and IL-1RL1 are well-replicated asthma genes that act in a single pathway toward type-
2 immune responses. IL-33 is expressed by basal epithelial cells, and the release of IL-33 …

Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is an epithelial-derived cytokine that initiates type 2 immune responses
to allergens, though whether IL-33 has the ability to modify responses to respiratory viral …

IL-33 and its receptor ST2 are contributing factors to airway inflammation and asthma
exacerbation. The IL-33/ST2 signaling pathway is involved in both the onset and the acute …

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection can increase the production of IL-33 in lungs of
mice. However, little is known about cellular source of IL-33, particularly the types of IL-33 …