The feasibility of using free-settling test for estimating activated sludge floc density was
discussed in the present work. Some usually applied models or correlations, such as for the …

The activated sludge floc size distribution (FSD) is investigated by using different techniques
and the results are compared against each other in order to gain insight into the FSD …

A multi-exposure photographic method was developed for the combined measurement of
the settling velocity and size of activated sludge flocs. The proposed method mainly differs …

In this article, 13 physical characteristics of activated sludge flocs, corresponding measuring
techniques, and typical values reported in the literature are reviewed. It appears that floc …

This paper numerically evaluates the hydrodynamic drag force exerted on an individual floc
moving steadily through an quiescent Newtonian fluid over a wide range of Reynolds …

The liquid flow through activated sludge floes from fullscale conventional treatment plants
was evaluated on the basis of the information obtained from settling tests. In the samples of …

Physical and chemical characteristics of activated sludge such as floc size, density, specific
surface, carbohydrate content, dehydrogenase activity and settleability were investigated by …

An isopyenic centrifugation procedure was developed for estimating the characteristic floc
density present in several chemical sludges. Issues addressed included selection of a low …

The effect of increased wastewater salinity on the physical characteristics of activated sludge
flocs was studied. Samples of activated sludge were exposed to increments of NaCl and the …

The parameters of the power‐law and log‐normal floc size distribution models were
correlated with the values of process operation factors for five, full‐scale conventional …