Despite the absence of synaptic contacts, cross-excitation of neurons in sensory ganglia
during signal transmission is considered to be chemically mediated and appears increased …

Increasing evidence suggests that botulinum neurotoxins (Bo NT s) delivered into the skin
and muscle in certain human and animal pain states may exert antinociceptive efficacy …

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are a family of neurotoxins produced by Clostridia and other
bacteria that induce botulism. BoNTs are internalized into nerve terminals at the site of …

Botulinum toxin A has been traditionally viewed as a motor nerve specific treatment.
However, clinical uses for botulinum toxin A have continued to expand, with increased use …

Neuropathic pain represents a significant clinical problem because it is a chronic condition
often refractory to available therapy. Therefore, there is still a strong need for new …

Neurotoxins affecting neuroexocytosis can represent an innovative pharmacological
approach to the investigation of neural mechanisms of pain. Our interest has been focused …

A growing interest was recently focused on the use of Botulinum neurotoxin serotype A
(BoNT/A) for fighting pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of BoNT/A on …

Botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT/A) shows antinociceptive properties, and its clinical
applications in pain therapy are continuously increasing. BoNT/A specifically cleaves SNAP …

In recent years a growing debate is about whether botulinum neurotoxins are retrogradely
transported from the site of injection. Immunodetection of cleaved SNAP-25 (cl-SNAP-25) …

Neuropathic pain is typified by injuries to the peripheral and central nervous system and
derives from such causes as cancer, diabetes, multiple sclerosis, post-herpetic neuralgia …