Nicotine dependence is a chronic, relapsing disorder with complex biological mechanisms
underlying the motivational basis for this behavior. Although more than 70% of current …

A major obstacle to the development of medications for nicotine dependence is the lack of
animal and human laboratory models with sufficient predictive clinical validity to support the …

Tobacco users are estimated to be at least 1.1 billion worldwide. Although tobacco
dependence is not associated with obvious behavioral disruptions, alleviating it is a major …

This introductory chapter describes the features of tobacco smoking and nicotine
dependence in humans and animal models, discusses the roles of positive and negative …

Preclinical research documents that, aside from the primary and secondary reinforcing
effects of nicotine intake itself, nicotine also acutely enhances the reinforcing efficacy of non …

While commendable strides have been made in reducing smoking initiation and improving
smoking cessation rates, current available smoking cessation treatment options are still only …

Heading Abstract Rationale. Recent preclinical behavioral and neurobiological research
has characterized important behavioral features and has identified neurobiological …

Tobacco use leads to 6 million deaths every year due to severe long‐lasting diseases. The
main component of tobacco, nicotine, is recognized as one of the most addictive drugs …

Nicotine dependence is a disease of constantly growing importance. This mini-review
describes the effects of nicotine in humans and focuses on the various laboratory animal …

Rationale This review provides insight for the judicious selection of nicotine dose ranges
and routes of administration for in vivo studies. The literature is replete with reports in which …