In the brain of the adult rat, the ratio of the absorption coefficient of hemoglobin to that of the
cytochromes is approximately ten and in the newborn rat brain the ratio is even higher …

Near infrared (IR) spectroscopy can give continuous, direct information about cerebral
oxygenation in vivo by providing signals from oxygenated and deoxygenated haemoglobin …

The use of optical spectroscopy for the non-invasive monitoring of tissue oxygenation and
metabolism is well established (Chance et al., 1975). Historically because of the high …

Non invasive infrared spectroscopy is a well established technique for monitoring changes
in the oxygenation status of tissues (1). The technique has in particular been successfully …

The monitoring of tissue oxygenation by the technique of near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)
was first described by Jöbsis in 1977 (Jöbsis, 1977). The technique relies upon the relative …

Near-ir (NIR) spectroscopy (NIRS) is a technique that can probe the brain non-invasively. It
utilizes the fact that within the wavelength region 650-1000 nm there is relatively little …

In the near-infrared region, two chromophores of biological interest, haemoglobin and
cytochrome a, a 3, have specific absorption bands, which respond to the oxygenation state …

The relative transparency of tissues to near infrared light means that it is possible to
transilluminate intact organs. In the infrared region, oxygen dependent absorptions due to …

Cytochrome oxidase is the terminal enzyme in the respiratory chain, which ultimately
transfers electrons to molecular oxygen. Its redox state can be used as a direct indicator of …

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) of the human brain is aiming at the non-invasive
determination of concentration changes of oxy-and deoxyhemoglobin in the cortex …