Particulate matter (PM) increases levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, but its effects on the
skin remain largely unknown. We investigated the signal transduction pathway and …

Ambient air pollution is becoming more severe worldwide, posing a serious threat to human
health. Fine airborne particles of particulate matter (PM 2.5) show higher cytotoxicity than …

Particulate matter (PM) is known to have harmful effects on human health. Epidemiological
studies have suggested that PM exposure is related to skin diseases and extrinsic skin …

The skin is the largest organ of the human body and the one mostly exposed to outdoor
contaminants. To evaluate the biological mechanisms underlying skin damage caused by …

Background Particulate matter (PM) is an integral part of air pollution, which is a mixture of
particles suspended in the air. Recently, it has been reported that PM is associated with …

Background: PM 2.5 (aerodynamic diameter≤ 2.5 μm) is a dominant and ubiquitous air
pollutant that has become a global concern as PM 2.5 exposure has been linked to many …

The molecular mechanisms that underlie the detrimental effects of particulate matter (PM) on
skin barrier function are poorly understood. In this study, the effects of PM 2.5 on filaggrin …

Nanoparticles are increasingly used in various fields, including biomedicine and electronics.
One application utilizes the opacifying effect of nano-TiO2, which is frequently used as …

Recent growing evidence suggested that particulate matter 2.5 (PM2. 5) has strong toxic
effects on skin systems. However, the possible effects and the mechanisms of PM2. 5 on …

Nitrogen mustard (NM) causes severe skin injury with an obvious inflammatory response,
which is lack of effective and targeted therapies. Vitamin D3 (VD3) has excellent anti …