✵ Abstract Background: Effect of caffeine on seizure is controversial in animal models of
epilepsy. Caffeine is non-selective antagonist of A1 and A2A adenosine receptors …

Objective (s): Neuroprotective effect of creatine (Cr) against β-amyloid (Aβ) is reported in an
in vitro study. This study investigated the effect of Cr supplementation on β-amyloid toxicity in …

Abstract Several reports suggest that 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)
induces neurotoxic effects and gliosis. Since recreational use of MDMA is often associated …

A2A adenosine receptor-mediated signaling affects a variety of important processes in the
central nervous system both in physiological and pathological conditions, and has been …

In this study, the cytoprotective effects of caffeine (CAF) and 8-(3-chlorostyryl)-caffeine
(CSC), A2A receptor antagonists, were tested against 6-OHDA-induced cytotoxicity, in rat …

Methamphetamine (MA) is one of the commonly used illicit drugs and the central nervous
system toxicity of MA is well documented. The mechanisms contributing to this toxicity have …

We commend O'Shea and Colado for their thoughtful commentary [1] on our recent study [2].
They raise the interesting possibility that very small increments in temperature, even if within …

Abstract Background High aluminum (Al) content in certain infant formula raises the concern
of possible Al toxicity on brain development of neonates during their vulnerable period of …

Adenosine is an endogenous nucleoside that regulates many processes, including
inflammatory responses, through activation of its receptors. Adenosine receptors have been …

The effects of several cerebroprotective and nootropic drugs on the function of excitatory
amino acid (EAA) receptor subtypes expressed in Xenopus oocytes after injection of rodent …