During the course of evolution of land plants, different classes of flavonoids, including
flavonols and anthocyanins, sequentially emerged, facilitating adaptation to the harsh …

Abstract Flavanone 3 β-hydroxylase (FHT) and flavone synthase I (FNS I) are 2-oxoglutarate-
dependent dioxygenases with 80% sequence identity, which catalyze distinct reactions in …

Flavone synthases (FNSs) catalyze the oxidation of flavanones to flavones, ie the formation
of apigenin from (2S)-naringenin. While many plants express a microsomal-type FNS II, the …

Background Flavonoids are specialized metabolites with numerous biological functions in
stress response and reproduction of plants. Flavones are one subgroup that is produced by …

Flavanone 3β-hydroxylase (F3H; EC 1.14. 11.9) is a 2-oxoglutarate dependent dioxygenase
that catalyzes the synthesis of dihydrokaempferol, the common precursor for three major …

Abstract Flavonol synthase (FLS)(EC-number 1.14. 11.23), the enzyme that catalyses the
conversion of flavonols into dihydroflavonols, is part of the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway …

Background Flavonol synthase (FLS) is the key enzyme responsible for the biosynthesis of
flavonols, the most abundant flavonoids, which have diverse pharmaceutical effects …

Flavones are a major group of flavonoids with diverse functions and are extensively
distributed in land plants. There are two different classes of FLAVONE SYNTHASE (FNS) …

Background Flavonoids, one of the major groups of secondary metabolites, play important
roles in the physiology, ecology and defence of plants. Their wide range of activities is the …

Flavonol synthase (FLS) is a key enzyme for the formation of flavonols, which are a subclass
of the flavonoids. FLS catalyzes the conversion of dihydroflavonols to flavonols. The enzyme …