Contribution: There are many on-line resources available to learn about optics and
photonics, but no assessment tools exist to evaluate the learning achievements. This paper …

Since optical instruments were first used in the early 17th century to visualize biological
material at the microscopic scale, the morphological study of cells and tissues has largely …

Introduction Triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic, medical education has moved online,
tasking medical educators with developing virtual learning experiences. This is particularly …

Virtual microscopy (VM) has been utilized to improve students' learning experience in
microscope laboratory sessions, but minimal attention has been given to determining how to …

Background Curricular reform efforts and a desire to use novel educational strategies that
foster student collaboration are challenging the traditional microscope-based teaching of …

Current training models are limited by an unstructured curriculum, financial costs, human
costs, and time constraints. With the newly mandated resident surgical competency, training …

Virtual Reality (VR) involves the coupling of visual communication hardware and software.
The technology is capable of offering transformative educational practice and is increasingly …

The implementation of virtual microscopy in the teaching of pathology at the Bloomington,
Indiana extension of the Indiana University School of Medicine permitted the assessment of …

Online teachers are an under‐researched population, but their perspectives are crucial to
the successful implementation of online education. A fully online section of an established …

Histology stands as a major discipline in the life science curricula, and the practice of
teaching it is based on theoretical didactic strategies along with practical training …