Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory syndrome with a strong autoimmune
component. The autoantigens in RA are neither tissue nor organ‐specific, but comprise a …

The mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) involve different
components of the immune system. In subjects with genetic predisposition to develop RA, a …

Infiltration of memory CD4+ T cells in synovial joints of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients
has been reported since decades. Moreover, several genome wide association studies …

Although environmental insults such as smoking have been implicated in the initiation of
rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in patients who express the shared epitope, the understanding of …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is considered a chronic systemic, multi-factorial, inflammatory, and
progressive autoimmune disease affecting many people worldwide. While patients show …

Activation of TLR pathways seems likely in osteoarthritis and may play a central role in
disease development and progression. A model of osteoarthritis as a chronic wound, in …

Abstract Background Role of Th9 cells and interleukin-9 (IL-9) in human autoimmune
diseases such as psoriasis and ulcerative colitis has been explored only very recently …

Cytokines and chemokines represent two important groups of proteins that control the
human immune system. Dysregulation of the network in which these immunomodulators …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common inflammatory arthropathy. The majority of
evidence, derived from genetics, tissue analyses, models, and clinical studies, points to an …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that primarily
affects the joints. Self-reactive B and T lymphocytes cooperate to promote antibody …