Laboratory rodents made hyperammonemic by infusing ammonia into the blood show
symptoms of brain cell swelling and increased intracranial pressure. These symptoms could …

We investigated possible biochemical pathways explaining extreme ammonia tolerance by
the gulf toadfish and specifically tested the prediction that the gulf toadfish Opsanus beta is …

Glutamine synthetase (GSase), the enzyme that catalyses the conversion of glutamate and
ammonia to glutamine, is present at high levels in vertebrate brain tissue and is thought to …

Salmo gairdneri specimens were exposed for 4–48 hr to various environmental un-ionized
ammonia (UIA) concentrations. In the brain of NH 3-treated trout glutamate, GABA, total …

Many teleosts have evolved mechanisms to cope with ammonia toxicity in the brain when
confronted with high environmental ammonia (HEA). In the present study, the possible role …

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed for up to 4 days to 100, 300 and 500
μM ammonia and 0, 300 and 600 μM nitrite. Each ammonia concentration was combined …

Increased internal ammonia (hyperammonemia) and ischemic/anoxic insults are known to
result in a cascade of deleterious events that can culminate in potentially fatal brain swelling …

Buildups of ammonia can cause potentially fatal brain swelling in mammals, but such
swelling is reversible in the anoxia-and ammonia-tolerant goldfish (Carassius auratus). We …

Exposure to acutely lethal un‐ionised ammonia concentrations resulted in a 3.3‐fold
increase in oxygen consumption. This was associated with increases in ventilation volume …

The African sharptooth catfish Clarias gariepinus lives in freshwater, is an obligatory air-
breather, and can survive on land during drought. The objective of this study was to …