Several decades of research in the area of exercise immunology have shown that the
immune system is highly responsive to acute and chronic exercise training. Moderate …

This review summarizes research discoveries within 4 areas of exercise immunology that
have received the most attention from investigators:(1) acute and chronic effects of exercise …

Immunometabolism is an evolving field of scientific endeavor that merges immunology and
metabolism and has provided valuable context when evaluating the influence of dietary …

Exercise immunology is an important, emerging sub-discipline within exercise physiology,
concerned with the relationship between exercise, immune function and infection risk. This …

The gut microbiota consists of a cluster of microorganisms that produces several signaling
molecules of a hormonal nature which are released into the blood stream and act at distal …

Exercise is a possible modulator of intestinal microbiome composition, since some
investigations have shown that it is associated with increased biodiversity and …

Background The physiological and biochemical demands of intense exercise elicit both
muscle-based and systemic responses. The main adaptations to endurance exercise …

The human gut microbiome is a complex ecosystem of microorganisms that play an
important role in human health, influencing functions such as vitamin uptake, digestion and …

By far, the most important finding that has emerged from exercise immunology studies is that
positive immune changes take place during each bout of moderate physical activity. Over …

Epidemiological evidence indicates that regular physical activity and/or frequent structured
exercise reduces the incidence of many chronic diseases in older age, including …