Objective Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease of the CNS.
Recently a controversial vascular hypothesis for MS, termed chronic cerebrospinal venous …

Objective: Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) had been suggested to play
a major pathogenetic role in multiple sclerosis (MS), but recent data on early stages of MS …

Objective: It is still unclear whether chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) is
associated with multiple sclerosis (MS), because substantial methodological differences …

Background This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and clinical relevance of chronic
cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and healthy …

Objectives: A chronic state of impaired cerebral and cervical venous drainage, termed
chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI), has recently been implicated in the …

Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by demyelination centered around
cerebral veins. Recent studies suggested this topographic pattern may be caused by venous …

Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) is a term used to describe impaired
venous drainage from the central nervous system (CNS) caused by abnormalities in …

Objectives The traditional view that multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease has
recently been challenged by the claim that MS is caused by chronic cerebrospinal venous …

Background Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) is a vascular condition
characterized by anomalies of the primary veins outside the skull that has been reported to …

Objectives To evaluate the presence of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI)
and cerebral venous anomalies in a consecutive series of patients with multiple sclerosis …