In 2020, the emerging threat to humanity posed by the rapidly evolving COVID-19 pandemic
called for accelerated development of vaccines at unprecedented speeds. While far less …

Highlights•mRNA vaccines continue to show promise as prophylactic and therapeutic
vaccines.•Clinical data with mRNA cancer vaccines indicate they are tolerated and …

Development of new vaccine modalities is a critical need to address many of the
shortcomings of traditional platforms such as the lack of sufficient efficacy against certain …

In less than one year since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, two mRNA-based
vaccines, BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273, were granted the first historic authorization for …

Highlights•mRNA is a key component of mRNA vaccine as the biological blueprint encoding
for proteins.•mRNA strategies comprise preventive vaccinations for therapeutic vaccines …

The recent success of messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 has
highlighted the value of mRNA technology to combat infectious diseases. Several decades …

When the broad range of vaccines against COVID-19 were being tested in clinical trials, only
a few experts expected the unproven technology of mRNA to be the star. Within 10 months …

Over the past several decades, messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines have progressed from a
scepticism-inducing idea to clinical reality. In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic catalysed the …

As the world begins to settle after the past year and a half of operating with the COVID-19
pandemic, we look to mRNA vaccines to help return to a sense of normalcy. With both …

The creation of mRNA vaccines has transformed the area of vaccination and allowed for the
production of COVID-19 vaccines with previously unheard-of speed and effectiveness. The …