Increases in patent awards and the growing economic importance of innovation have
generated a debate among academics and public policy makers about the fundamental …

Currently, patent litigation is undergoing a seismic change. In the past, industry competitors
lodged the bulk of patent-infringement lawsuits.'But recently, an increasing number of patent …

Many observers believe the American patent system is in crisis. 1 Complaints are often
aimed at the US Patent and Trademark Office (" PTO"), which, by many accounts, issues too …

NE fundamental premise of patent law, according to the courts, is that the system is a quid
pro quo between the state and the inventor; in exchange for disclosing his invention in the …

96 INTERNATIONAL LAW AND POLITICS [Vol. 29: 95 illogical for investors to sink money
into new drug discovery and development. The consequences? Since industry—not …

In 1980, scientific research funded by the federal government was at a crossroads. Up until
that time, very little of this research ever generated products that benefited the public that …

Courts and legislatures face a fundamental dilemma in constructing the law of patents.
Patents convey property rights, and a substantial degree of certainty is usually thought to be …

The growing backlog of patent applications in the US Patent and Trademark Office (" PTO")
and concerns about patent quality have led to calls for patent reform. 2 Legal commentators …

Under United States patent law, a patent shall not be issued if" the subject matter as a whole
would have been obvious at the time the invention was made to a person having ordinary …