Introduction Left atrial-to-aortic ratios (LA: Ao) provide a body weight independent estimate
of left atrial size. However, reference intervals were established with small sample …

Introduction Left ventricular (LV) and left atrial (LA) enlargement affect management and
outcome of dogs with cardiac disease. Short-axis, two-dimensional echocardiographic …

Two‐dimensional (2D) echocardiography is the cornerstone of noninvasive evaluation of the
cardiac patient, and often involves estimating left atrial (LA) size. However, 2D …

Objectives To compare a linear and three volume-based two-dimensional
echocardiographic methods for measuring LA size: left atrium to aorta ratio (LA/Ao ratio) …

Atrial size determined by echocardiography provides a surrogate measure of the
hemodynamic burden of cardiac disease. Linear atrial dimensions often are indexed to …

Left atrial enlargement (LAE) is a well-known negative prognostic factor in dogs with
myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD). Left atrial-to-aortic root ratio (LA/Ao) is the most …

Two‐dimensional (2‐D) echocardiographic measurement of the left atrium (LA) has the
potential to be more accurate than the standard M‐mode method, because the LA body can …

The left atrium (LA) of the heart is a validated marker of clinical and subclinical
cardiovascular disease. Since the LA is a three-dimensional structure, volume-based …

Background Broadly applicable reference intervals (RIs) for measurements of left atrial (LA)
and left ventricular (LV) size and function generated prospectively using statistically …

Background Left atrial size is prognostically important in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve
disease (MMVD). Hypothesis/Objectives To compare the level of agreement in identification …