This article reviews current evidence on the use of coercive measures, including seclusion
and restraint, in psychiatric in-patient settings in Europe. There is a particular focus on …

Coercive measures, such as seclusion and mechanical restraint, have a long history in
dealing with mental illness. Both the ethical and legal frameworks for using coercive …

The discussion on the use of coercive interventions such as seclusion and restraint
accompanies the history of psychiatry from its beginning. It is the oldest and still topical issue …

Background Mechanical restraint and seclusion are not therapeutic interventions but
procedures to safeguard patients or staff representing a failure of therapeutic approaches …

Objective Although coercive measures are one of the indicators of the quality of psychiatric
in-patient care, reliable and valid data comparing the practice in different countries are not …

Restraint and seclusion (R&S) measures in psychiatric settings are applied worldwide,
despite poor scientific evidence to back up their effectiveness. The medical, ethical and …

Objective: No evidence is available on the relative restrictiveness of seclusion and
mechanical restraint, although guidelines recommend use of the least restrictive …

Background: The containment or the prevention of actual violence is the primary justification
for the use of restraint and seclusion in psychiatry. The aim of the present study was to …

Aim. Despite the poor evidence supporting the use of coercive procedures in psychiatry
wards and their “psychological damage” on patients, the practice of restraint is still frequent …

Coercive measures are a major infringement of the autonomy of psychiatric patients and no
medical justification exists for applying mechanical restraint (MR) to these patients currently …