Background: Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) was recently described in
patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). A subject is considered CCSVI positive if≥ 2 venous …

Objective An impaired cerebrospinal venous drainage, defined as chronic cerebrospinal
venous insufficiency (CCSVI), has been recently hypothesized to be the possible cause of …

Objectives: Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) has recently been
implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). This comprehensive meta-analysis …

Background and purpose A new treatable venous disorder, chronic cerebrospinal venous
insufficiency (CCSVI), has been proposed in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Its …

A chronic state of impaired venous drainage from the central nervous system, termed
chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI), is claimed to be a pathologic …

Background: The possible role of the venous system in the pathogenesis of chronic
neurodegenerative diseases has been hypothesized for decades. Quite recently, the …

Objective Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) has been implicated in the
pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS). We sought to determine whether …

The pyramidal pathway is frequently affected early on in multiple sclerosis (MS) and
impaired motor performance is a major cause of disability. Pyramidal tract function can be …

Objective: It is still unclear whether chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) is
associated with multiple sclerosis (MS), because substantial methodological differences …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system
(CNS) most commonly characterized by focal areas of myelin destruction, inflammation and …