In the last four decades, advances in therapies for primary cancers have improved overall
survival for childhood cancer. Currently, almost 80% of children will survive beyond 5 years …

[en] The study of long-term effects of therapy for childhood cancer is important for several
reasons. An increasing proportion of children are now cured of their cancer and can expect …

Objectives The majority of childhood cancer patients now achieve long-term survival, but the
treatments that cured their malignancy often put them at risk of adverse health outcomes …

Purpose To determine the risk of subsequent carcinomas other than breast, thyroid, and
skin, and to identify factors that influence the risk among survivors of childhood cancer …

Advances in multimodality therapy have led to childhood cancer cure rates over 80%.
However, surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy may lead to debilitating or even fatal …

With the advances in the therapy of childhood cancers over the past 30 years, many children
who are now cured of their cancer are moving into adulthood. These patients have, in many …

Importance An estimated 15 000 children and adolescents aged 0 to 19 years are
diagnosed with cancer each year in the US, and more than 85% survive for at least 5 years …

During the past three decades, multi-modality therapy for childhood cancer has resulted in
markedly improved survival. For the period of 1985 to 1997, the fiveyear survival rate for …

Individuals exposed to high doses of ionizing radiation are known to be at risk of developing
cancer. Recent reviews about the late effects of ionizing radiation indicate that even low …

Abstract Learning Objectives After completing this course, the reader should be able to:
Quantify the magnitude of long-term complications and the burden of morbidity faced by …