Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are plant root symbionts that continuously carry
thousands of nuclei in their spores and hyphae. This unique cellular biology raises …

The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are involved in one of the most ecologically
important symbioses on the planet, occurring within the roots of most land plants. 1 …

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are widespread obligate root symbionts that assist
plants in obtaining nutrients and protection against environmental stresses. In the model …

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are obligate plant symbionts that have the potential to
improve crop yield. These multinucleate organisms are either “homokaryotic” or “dikaryotic” …

Eukaryotes thought to have evolved clonally for millions of years are referred to as ancient
asexuals. The oldest group among these are the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which …

Background A conventional tenet of classical genetics is that progeny inherit half their
genome from each parent in sexual reproduction instead of the complete genome …

Highlights•Nuclei sharing a common cytoplasm can behave autonomously with respect to a
variety of cellular processes, including mitosis.•Cytoplasmic organization and nuclear …

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) harbor thousands of nuclei in a large syncytium at all
times. Although mating processes have not been observed in AMF, their cells and genomes …

Many fungi are polykaryotic, containing multiple nuclei per cell. In the case of heterokaryons,
there are different nuclear types within a single cell. It is unknown what the different nuclear …

Highlights•In arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, multiple nuclei share a common
cytoplasm.•There can be genomic diversity among the nuclei in an isolate.•Changes in …