Energy deficit is characterised by high ghrelin levels, and low leptin and insulin levels and
we suggest that this provides a metabolic signature sensed by the brain to increase …

Accumulating evidence indicates integration of dopamine function with metabolic signals,
highlighting a potential role for dopamine in energy balance, frequently construed as …

Neurobiological mechanisms that normally control food intake and energy expenditure can
be overcome by environmental cues and by stress. Of particular importance is the influence …

Here we review the emerging neurobiological understanding of the role of the brain's reward
system in the regulation of body weight in health and in disease. Common obesity is …

Both intrinsic and extrinsic (endocrine) inputs to the central nervous system (CNS) modulate
motivation for feeding. Endocrine inputs such as insulin and leptin can have very rapid …

Feeding behaviour is crucial for the survival of an organism and is regulated by different
brain circuits. Among these circuits the mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system is implicated in …

The rate of patients with obesity has been rapidly increasing, and this imposes a heavy
economic burden on health-care systems. Food decisions, under the influence of different …

Obesity results from a temporary or prolonged positive energy balance due to an alteration
in the homeostatic feedback of energy balance. Food, with its discriminative and hedonic …

Recent findings suggest the reward system encodes metabolic value independent of taste,
provoking speculation that the hedonic value of taste could be derived from nutritional value …

Reward sensitivity and possible alterations in the dopaminergic-reward system are
associated with obesity. We therefore aimed to investigate the influence of dopamine …