Forests are likely the most complex ecosystems on Earth, as they cross scales from the
largest and longest-lived organisms on the planet (trees) with a myriad of diminutive …

Abstract Purpose of Review Forest models are becoming essential tools in forest research,
management, and policymaking but currently are under deep transformation. In this review …

Forest management has traditionally been considered management of trees for timber. It
really includes vegetation management and land management and people management as …

Understanding the processes that shape forest functioning, structure, and diversity remains
challenging, although data on forest systems are being collected at a rapid pace and across …

Forest models should in future combine the predictive power and flexibility of process-based
models with the empirical information and descriptive accuracy of conventional mensuration …

Forest Ecosystem models are diagnostic tools to assess and understand ecosystem
processes. Conflicting interests such as simplicity, observability and biological realism must …

Forests, as one of the most important carbon sinks on earth, are more and more under stress
by environmental changes. The dynamics of forests and consequently their functions in …

Additionally to simulations, a mathematical analysis of ecological models could give insights
into the system behavior. However, mathematical model analysis has only been performed …

Computer models are increasingly being used by forest ecologists and managers to
simulate long-term forest landscape change. We review models of forest landscape change …

This review is a follow-up to the first meeting of the Forest modeling working group (FMWG)
of the Italian Society of Silviculture and Forest Ecology (SISEF), held in December 2009. 18 …