Free Shiga toxin bacteriophages isolated from sewage showed diversity although the stx genes appeared conserved

M Muniesa, R Serra‐Moreno… - Environmental …, 2004 - Wiley Online Library
Phages carrying the stx2 gene were detected in a range of sewage samples using a plaque
hybridization‐based method. After detection, phages were isolated and propagated with a …

Newly identified bacteriophages carrying the stx2g Shiga toxin gene isolated from Escherichia coli strains in polluted waters

C García-Aljaro, M Muniesa, J Jofre… - FEMS microbiology …, 2006 - academic.oup.com
Shiga toxin-converting bacteriophages are the main vehicle involved in horizontal
transmission of stx 1 and stx 2 genes, which has led to the current spread of stx genes …

Occurrence of phages infecting Escherichia coli O157:H7 carrying the Stx 2 gene in sewage from different countries

M Muniesa, J Jofre - FEMS microbiology letters, 2000 - academic.oup.com
Shiga toxin-converting bacteriophages are involved in the pathogenicity of some enteric
bacteria, such as Escherichia coli O157: H7. Recent studies have demonstrated a relatively …

Detection of phages carrying the Shiga toxin 1 and 2 genes in waste water and river water samples

R Dumke, U Schröter‐Bobsin… - Letters in applied …, 2006 - academic.oup.com
Aims: To evaluate the occurrence and abundance of phages that carry the stx 1 and stx 2
gene in water samples of different quality. Methods and Results: Phages growing on the …

Genotypic and Phenotypic Diversity among Induced, stx2-Carrying Bacteriophages from Environmental Escherichia coli Strains

C García-Aljaro, M Muniesa, J Jofre… - Applied and …, 2009 - Am Soc Microbiol
ABSTRACT Shiga toxin 2 (stx 2) gene-carrying bacteriophages have been shown to convert
Escherichia coli strains to Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). In this study, 79 E …

Abundance in Sewage of Bacteriophages That InfectEscherichia coli O157:H7 and That Carry the Shiga Toxin 2 Gene

M Muniesa, J Jofre - Applied and environmental microbiology, 1998 - Am Soc Microbiol
Shiga toxin-converting bacteriophages are involved in the pathogenicity of some enteric
bacteria, such as Escherichia coli O157: H7, but data on the occurrence and distribution of …

Quantification of Shiga toxin-converting bacteriophages in wastewater and in fecal samples by real-time quantitative PCR

L Imamovic, E Ballesté, J Jofre… - Applied and …, 2010 - Am Soc Microbiol
Shiga toxin-converting bacteriophages (Stx phages) are involved in the pathogenicity of
some enteric bacteria, such as Escherichia coli O157: H7. Stx phages are released from …

Prevalence of the stx2 Gene in Coliform Populations from Aquatic Environments

C García-Aljaro, M Muniesa, J Jofre… - Applied and …, 2004 - Am Soc Microbiol
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains are human pathogens linked to hemorrhagic
colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome. The major virulence factors of these strains are …

Shiga toxins even when different are encoded at identical positions in the genomes of related temperate bacteriophages

H Karch, H Schmidt, C Janetzki-Mittmann… - Molecular and General …, 1999 - Springer
The nucleotide sequence of an 11,142-bp region including the stx 2 operon in the genome
of the temperate bacteriophage 933W in the EDL933 strain of Escherichia coli O157 was …

Shiga toxin 2-encoding bacteriophages in human fecal samples from healthy individuals

A Martinez-Castillo, P Quirós, F Navarro… - Applied and …, 2013 - Am Soc Microbiol
Shiga toxin-converting bacteriophages (Stx phages) carry the stx gene and convert
nonpathogenic bacterial strains into Shiga toxin-producing bacteria. Previous studies have …