Programming is a cognitive activity that requires the learning of new reasoning skills and the
understanding of new technical information. Since novices lack domain-specific knowledge …

A sufficiency theory is presented of the process by which a computer programmer attempts
to comprehend a program. The theory is intended to explain four sources of variation in …

The representation of computer programming problems in relation to the organization of
programming knowledge is examined. An experiment previously done for physics …

The cognitive organization of a set of abstract programming concepts was investigated in
subjects who varied in degree of computer programming experience. Relatedness ratings …

This paper addresses issues of the nature of expertise in programming and asks whether
“programming plans” represent the underlying deep structure of a program. It reports an …

Differences in the comprehensibility of programming notations can arise because their
syntax can make them cognitively unwieldy in a generalized way (Mayer, 1976), because all …

Expertise in a given domain is generally regarded as being manifested in the possession of
a large body of knowledge stored as chunks or schema in long-term memory. Recall …

The question of whether the use of good naming style in programs improves program
comprehension has important implications for both programming practice and theories of …

A theoretical framework has been defined to elucidate the problems raised in the training of
analyst-programmers, and a beginning made in validating it in a preliminary experiment …